北京高考英语真题2017
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北京高考英语真题2017
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. In a library B. In a bookstore C. In a hospital D. In a laboratory
2. A. A clerk B. A banker C. An operator D. A salesman
3. A.5:00 B. 5:15 C. 5:30 D. 5:45
4. A. She lost her way. B. She lost her keys.
C. She lost her car. D. She lost her handbag.
5. A. The woman would understand if she did Mary’s job.
B. The woman should do the typing for Mary.
C. The woman should work as hard as Mary.
D. The woman isn’t a skillful typist.
6. A. He gets nervous very easily. B. He hasn’t prepared his speech well.
C. He is an awful speaker. D. He is an inexperienced speaker.
7. A. The apple pie tastes very nice. B. His mother likes the apple pie very much.
C. The apple pie can’t match his brother’s. D. His mother can’t make apple pies.
8. A. She is not very interested in the article.
B. She has given the man much trouble.
C. She would like to have a copy of the article.
D. She doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article.
9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.
B. He has made great progress in his English.
C. He is a student of the music department.
D. He is not very interested in English songs.
10. A. The man went to a wrong check-in counter.
B. The man has missed the flight.
C. The plane will leave at 9:14.
D. The plane’s departure time remains unknown.
Section B
Directions:In section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and longer conversation.The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. A basket. B. An egg. C. A cup. D. An oven.
12. A. To let in the sunshine. B. To serve as its door.
C. To keep the nest cool. D. For the bird to lay eggs.
13. A. Some are built underground. B. Some use pears as their nests.
C. Most are sewed with grasses. C. Most are dried by the sun.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.A. South Africa. B. Asia. C. Europe. D. South America.
15. A. It’s a trade that is driven by customer appetites.
B. The latest trick seems to be promoting business.
C. You can hardly resist the temptation when seeing the pictures of food.
D. People have no idea in buying things.
16. A. Young people. B. Foreigners. C. Local people. D. Old people.
Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. It is nice. B. It is safe and reliable.
C. It is totally silent. D. It is noisy.
18. A. They are available on the last Saturday of the month.
B. They could work at night this month.
C. They have to be paid overtime if working this month.
D. They could work at weekends at normal pay.
19.A. The engineer. B. The mechanic.
C. The repairman. D. The electrician.
20. A. They charge a fixed fee for this service.
B. They provide free maintenance for 24 hours.
C. They provide free maintenance for a year.
D. They provide automatic maintenance service.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
iPhone 7 being investigated after surfer claims it set his car on fire
Apple is investigating a report from an Australian man who claimed his iPhone 7 caught fire and destroyed his car, the company said on Friday.
Surfer Mat Jones told Channel 7 News that he (21) __________ (go) into water off a New South Wales beach and left his new iPhone 7,brought last week, (22) __________ (wrap) in a pair of trousers in his car on the beach.
He said that (23) __________ he returned from the water he saw smoke rising from the car. “As I looked into my car, I could not see inside the car, like all the windows were just black.”
A video footage(影像) taken from another phone showed the front seats, dashboard and stick melted and charred, and Jones said that he felt “pretty much like a big heat wave just came out of the car”.
Eventually the surfer was able to remove (24)__________ was left of his clothes. “Ash was just coming from inside the pants. Once the pants were unwrapped, the phone was just melting inside.”
Jones said that he had not dropped the phone or physically damaged it, (25)__________ happened to a Sydney man who fell off his bike and suffered burns from an iPhone. He also said that he had not used (26)__________ non-Apple charging device.
A spokeswoman for Apple said the company was investigating the complaint.“We’re in touch with the customer and we’re looking into it,” she said.
Lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries (27)__________ burst into flames because of physical damage or overhearing. Apple’s (28)__________ (big) smartphone computer, Samsung, has begun an international recall of 2.5m Galaxy Note 7 devices after more than 100 devices started smoking, sparking or caught fire -- in some cases (29)__________ (cause) fire damage and injury.
Several other companies, including Hewlett Packard, Tesla and the makers of so-called “hoverboards”, have also experienced problems (30)________ their lithium-ion batteries, though the vast majority work without problems.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. encourage B. common C. uncivilized D. immigrants
E. illegal F. proposed G. panic H. consumption
I. freedom J. extraordinary K. fine
In late February, a mainland tourist caused a disturbance on a Hong Kong subway. The reason? Eating in public.In Hong Kong it is 31.__________ to eat on the subway, and when the tourist was scolded by a Hong Kong local, the situation escalated(升级) into a verbal slinging match.
In New York City, eating on the subway is also controversial. No law bans the practice, but a Democratic state senator (参议员) introduced one last week. The 32.__________ law would ban eating on the subway system and 33.__________ first time violators $250 (1,579 yuan), according to the New York Times. Proponents of the bill argue that eating on the subway attracts rats. Others say the broader target should be litterbugs, rather than those who carefully sip their coffee and eat their bread on the way to work. They also argue that "street food" is an important part of New York's culture and history. Banning its 34.__________ in public areas such as the subway would have negative effects.
Street food, and eating in public places is a deep-rooted cultural practice in cities as diverse as New York, Beijing and Paris. While 35__________, it has been traditionally thought of as the behavior of the lower classes. Eating in public was (and in some places, still is) associated with 36__________, poorer people. In the 19th century, eating in public was seen as a threat to morality and public health. Putnam's (a popular magazine at the time) stated: "Eating in public may cause a certain 37.__________of manner and disinterest in little ladies and gentlemen. It was something people in the Victorian era did not want to 38.__________. A recent New York Times article drew a link between this moral 39.__________ about street food and concern over the growing populations of Irish, German, Italian and Jewish 40.__________ who ran food carts in the 1800s.
Whether you love eating street food, or have to eat your breakfast on the run, it's best to be considerate when enjoying a bite in public.
III.Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or Phrases marked A, B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The two most common organizational patterns of the family are the nuclear family and the extended family. To a large extent, these patterns 41.________ a society's primary subsistence (存在) strategy.
American social scientists have generally agreed that families everywhere fulfill four crucial social 42.________ : (a) reproduction of new members, (b) child care, (c) socialization of children to values, traditions, and norms of the society, and (d) intimacy and support for members. Although we can define the family 43.________ its functions, the emphasis given to each of them varies widely both geographically and 44.________ . For example, in nineteenth-century America, people married mainly to have children. Today, emotional support among family members has now become the dominant function of the family, and the family has become an economic unit for consumption rather than for 45.________.
In recent years, social scientists have discovered important 46.________in family types, such as the single-parent family and the nuclear family fixed within a network of kin(亲戚). American families also 47.________ according to social class. A couple's social class affects the number of children they will decide to have, if any, and also the likelihood of 48.________to the family because of illness, death, or divorce. Social class also influences the amount of stress a marriage is likely to undergo and the way parents raise their children. 49.________, the extent to which American families now differ by 50.________appears to be much less than it was fifty years ago.
The American family has been 51.________ in a number of ways over the past few decades. Many people are marrying later, having children later, and having fewer children or none at all. These social changes have 52.________ diverse household patterns, including single-person households and childless couples. Role changes are also occurring as both partners pursue 53.________ and share family responsibilities.
Many innovative family arrangements are attempts to enhance the commitment of marriage while increasing individual freedom and fulfillment. In this way, families are 54________ such broad social trends as delayed marriage, greater participation of women in the job market, and a rising rate of divorce. Undoubtedly, the American family will continue to be subjected to such pressures, but how 55.________ will these future adaptations be?
41. A. reflect B. change C. confirm D. replace
42. A. performances B. activities C. relations D. functions
43. A. with regard to B. in terms of C.in combination with D. for the purpose of
44. A. racially B. financially C. historically D. spiritually
45. A. inhabitation B. competition C. connection D. production
46. A. variations B. units C. arrangements D. characteristics
47. A. develop B. extend C. differ D. evolve
48. A. contribution B. destruction C. combination D. application
49. A. Therefore B. Also C. Contrarily D. However
50. A. family size B. work pressure C. economic status D. social class
51. A. expanding B. divided C. valued D. changing
52. A. focus on B. resulted in C. appealed to D. called for
53. A. trends B. study C. careers D. goals
54. A. adapting to B. dealing with C. worrying about D. getting rid of
55. A. sociable B. available C. extensive D. natural
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
The Hawthorne experiment was conducted in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The management of Western Electric's Hawthorne plant, located near Chicago, wanted to find out if environmental factors, such as lighting, could affect workers' productivity and morale. A team of social scientists experimented with a small group of employees who were set apart from their coworkers. The environmental conditions of this group's work area were controlled, and the subjects themselves were closely observed. To the great surprise of the researchers, the productivity of these workers increased in response to any change in their environmental conditions. The rate of work increased even when the changes (such as a sharp decrease in the level of light in the workplace) seemed unlikely to have such an effect.
It was concluded that the presence of the observers had caused the workers in the experimental group to feel special. As a result, the employees came to know and trust one another, and they developed a strong belief in the importance of their job. The researchers believed that this, not the changes in the work environment, accounted for the increased productivity.
A later reanalysis of the study data challenged the Hawthorne conclusions on the grounds that the changes in patterns of human relations, considered so important by the original researchers, were never measured. However, even if the original conclusions must be revised, they nonetheless raise a problem for social scientists: Research subjects who know they are being studied can change their behavior. Throughout the social sciences, this phenomenon has
come to be called the Hawthorne effect.
56. The author implies that a sharp decrease in light increased workers' output because _______________.
A. the workers experienced less eyestrain in a dark working place
B. the workers had to pay more attention to what they were doing
C. the workers knew they were being observed, and this motivated them
D. the workers in the experiment were paid more than other workers
57. The pattern of organization of the second paragraph is________ A. list of items B. time order
C. definition and example D. cause and effect
58. The Hawthorne experiment suggests that___________
A. workers' attitudes are more important than their environment
B. social scientists are good workers
C. productivity in electric plants tends to be low
D. even those who were not in the experiment improved their productivity
59. The author's main purpose is________________
A. to explain the Hawthorne effect
B. to prove the importance of research
C. to amuse with a surprising experiment
D. to suggest ideas for future research
(B)
Join IMDb and Become a Founding Supporter of the Academy Museum of Museum of Motion Pictures
The Academy of Motion Pictures Arts & Sciences is building the world’s leading movie museum in the heart of Los Angeles. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures, scheduled to open in 2017, will contain six stories of state-of-the-art galleries, exhibition spaces, movie theaters and educational areas. Through groundbreaking exhibitions and innovative programming, the Museum will explore how Hollywood and the film industry have shaped culture and creativity around the world. Designed by Renzo Piano, the Academy Museum will be located next to the Los Angeles. County Museum of Art ( LACMA ) campus in the landmarked Wilshire May Company Building.
To help ensure this long-held dream of the Academy becomes a reality, the Academy has launched a $300 million fund-raising campaign, led by Bob Iger, Annette Bening and Tom Hanks.We hope you can join IMDb and the Academy Museum's community of early supporters by making a gift to the campaign today. Or, sign up for the Academy Museum mailing list to hear about upcoming museum events and developments.
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60.The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures is located________.
A. in the downtown area of Los Angeles
B. in the suburb of the city of Los Angeles
C. in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art
D. in the centre of Wilshire May Company
61.The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures will focus on____________.
A. the exhibition of film equipment
B. the impact of film industry on world culture
C. the popularity of Hollywood movie culture
D. the achievements of American galleries and theatres
62. The passage is intended to ______________.
A. promote the Academy Museum and make movie history
B. arouse people's interest in the Academy Museum
C. raise enough money for the Academy Museum
D. help realize the Academy Museum founding supporters' dreams
(C)
To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf’s declaration that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.
Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use out technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.
Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.
In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life, particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.
63. Why does the author give the examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl?
A. To show that technology could be used to destroy our world.
B. To stress the author's concern about the safety of complex technology.
C. To prove that technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by man.
D. To demonstrate that being a human creation, technology is likely to make an error.
64. What does the phrase "went haywire" in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. were out of range B. went out of date
C. fell out of use D. got out of control
65. According to the author, the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly because___________.
A. the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mind
B. the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people before
C. it has helped to switch to an information technology
D. it has a great potential impact on society
66. In the passage, the author clearly shows his_____________.
A. keen insight into the nature of technology
B. sharp criticism of the role of the Industrial Revolution
C. thorough analysis of the replacement of the human mind by computers
D. comprehensive description of the negative consequences of technology
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A.Keep an eye on your storage media.
B.Organization makes it easy to find your stuff later.
C.Write down where you have important files.
D. Would you care if this was deleted tomorrow?
E.Remember something is better than nothing.
F. Preserve your digital memories now, before it's too late.
How to Keep Your Digital Memorials Safe?
Do you value your digital stuff? Nearly everyone is creating things with computers, and some do it without any concern for its value. Others recognize its current value, but think little about what it could mean to them in the future, and either aren't aware or don't think that all of it could be destroyed tomorrow. But hard drives die all the time, and the online services into which people sink their time close with alarming regularity, taking the work of millions of people with it._________67____________.
Steps
1.Prepare to make a quick backup. If nothing else, get a cheap USB stick and drag-and-drop your documents folder onto it. Worry about the other things later. You should do more than this, but it's most important to take the most valuable, irreplaceable information from your hard drive and put it on a second medium to guard against hard drive failure, theft or loss.
2.Decide what you value. Some questions to ask yourself are:How replaceable is this data? How good are you at assessing the value of items? _______68__________. For things like business accounts and documents, the answer is of course you would. This kind of thing should be your first priority.
3.Start making backups. __________69__________ Diminishing returns (效益递减) apply in backups as they do with everything else. The cheapest and simplest backup methods take care of an overwhelming majority of likely loss-of-stuff. Over-complicating your backup strategy is the biggest trap: the more complicated and expensive you insist on making it, the less likely you are to do it.
4.____________70______________If one of your backup drives fails, replace it immediately. Remember that all storage devices eventually become obsolete (陈旧的). If you have valuable files on obsolete media, those files become increasingly difficult to access with every passing year. So in order to keep your files accessible, remember to migrate your collection to new storage media periodically.
IV Summary Writing
Direction: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main file of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症) has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than l.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.
The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengers highlight the conflict between airlines' needs and basic passenger rights.
Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro, an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disturbed by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.
Many airlines have responded to the growing obesity by insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a "fat tax"). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的, but some argue that this is purely down to numbers. A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do, with the condition of the weight.The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through.
In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn’t charged anything extra.
However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.
“We question the legality of the discriminatory policy and whether it violates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,” she says. “The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protected class.”
Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ‘one-person, one-fare’ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ‘clinically obese’ and who cannot fit into a single seat.
V.Translation
Direction: Translate the following sentences into English ,using the words given in the brackets.
72. 互联网经济在为中国的国内外贸易提供新的机遇。( provide)
73. 这段30分钟的视频上传网上只有两小时，就有成千上万的人观看过。( after)
74. 就孩子报考哪所大学，很多父母煞费苦心地做仔细调查，咨询专家。( pains)
75. 有时我们发现自己处于这样的窘境：即便觉得自己所做的不对，也要勉强为之。( where)
VI. Guide writing
Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the introduction given below in Chinese.
简要描述图片，并结合实例谈谈你的看法。
北京高考英语真题2017参考答案
1-10 ACBBA DACAD
11-16 CBA DCA DAAC
21. had gone 22. wrapped 23. when 24.what 25. as 26. a 27. can 28. biggest 29.causing 30. with
31-40 EFKHB CIAGD
41-55 ADBCD ACBDD DBCAC
56-59 CDAA ABC DDDA
67-70 FDEA