2018年考研英语完型填空模拟题和答案
2018年考研英语完型填空模拟题
All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common,including the sky god,the lord of storms,and the morning and evening star.__1__the Sumerian worshipped the goddess of fertility,love,and war,she was evidently lower__2__status than the male gods,indicating that in a more urbanized society the__3__that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddess had__4__. The gods seemed hopelessly violent and __5__,and one‘s life a period of slavery at their easy will. The epic poem The Creation emphasizes that__6__were created to enable the gods to__7__ up working. Each city moreover had its own god,who was considered to__8__ the temple literally and who was in theory the owner of all property within the city.__9__the priests who interpreted the will of the god and controlled the__10__ of the economic produce of the city were favored__11__ their supernatural and material functions __12__. When,after 3,000 B. C.,growing warfare among the cities made military leadership__13__,the head of the army who became king assumed a(n)__14__position between the god,whose agent he was,and the priestly class,whom he had both to use and to __15__. Thus king and priests represented the upper class in a hierarchical society.__16__them were the scribes,the secular attendants of the temple,who__17__every aspect of the city’s economic life and who developed a rough judicial system.__18__the temple officials,society was divided among an elite or__19__ group of large landowners and military leaders;a mixed group of merchants,artisans,and craftsmen,free peasants who__20__ the majority of the population;and slaves.
1. [A] Unless [B] As [C] Lest [D] Although
2. [A] on [B] in [C] with [D] about
3. [A] worship [B] reverence [C] admiration [D] gratitude
4. [A] vanished [B] recovered [C] declined [D] attained
5. [A] unpredictable[B] unforgivable[C] unlimited [D] unlikely
6. [A] creatures [B] animals [C] men [D] mortals
7. [A] use [B] turn [C] give [D] back
8. [A] inhabit [B] live [C] reside [D] lodge
9. [A] Hence [B] Thereafter [C] Somehow [D] Incidentally
10. [A] introduction[B] transaction [C] distribution[D] provision
11. [A] as [B] for [C] under [D] of
12. [A] along [B] anyway [C] afterwards [D] alike
13. [A] additional [B] vital [C] singular [D] exceptional
14. [A] alternative [B] secondary [C] intermediate[D] fundamental
15. [A] pacify [B] tempt [C] suppress [D] manipulate
16. [A] Beside [B] Beyond [C] Below [D] Before
17. [A] supervised [B] held [C] managed [D] presided
18. [A] Around [B] Under [C] Above [D] Outside
19. [A] leading [B] noble [C] controlling [D] principal
20. [A] consist [B] compose [C] compile [D] consume
2018年考研英语完型填空答案分析
答案
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7.C 8.A 9. A 10. C
11. B 12. D 13.B 14.C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B
总体分析
本文介绍了苏美尔人对神的崇拜及由此引起的社会阶层的划分。第一句至第四句为一个意群,主要介绍了苏美尔人对神的崇拜,以及神凌驾于人之上。第五句至倒数第二句为一个意群,介绍了由于对神的崇拜而出现的社会上层阶层及其职能。末句附带说明了在宗教体系之外的社会阶层。
全文翻译
所有的苏美尔城邦都认可很多共同的神,包括天空之神、风暴之王、晨星和昏星。虽然苏美尔人崇拜代表繁衍、爱和战争的女神,但她在地位上却明显低于男性神。这表明在一个更趋都市化的社会中,过去时代的民族曾经致以大地母亲神的敬意已经减少。神似乎都极其暴力且捉摸不定,人的一生成为任他们摆布和奴役的一生。史诗《创世记》中强调人类被创造出来是为了使神放弃劳动。而且每一座城邦都有它自己的神,该神被认为确实居住在庙宇里,理论上则是城邦里所有财产的拥有者。因此诠释神的意志并且控制城市经济产品的分配的僧侣以他们超自然的以及在物质方面享有的功能而受到青睐。公元前3000年以后,当城市不断增多的战事使军事领导才能变得非常重要时,成为国王的军队首领占据了在神与僧侣阶层之间的位置,他是神的代言人,对僧侣阶层既利用又安抚。因此在一个等级社会中国王和僧侣代表了上层阶级。居于他们之下的是书吏,即,庙宇世俗的侍臣,他监督城市经济生活的方方面面,并制定粗略的司法体系。在庙宇官员之外,社会被划分为四类人:大地主和军事领导人这样一群精英和贵族人群;商人、工匠和技工的混合群体;占人口大部分的自由农民;奴隶。
考研英语完形填空答题技巧
1、常作为正确选项出现的词汇: however、although、 yet、because、but、by、 capacity、however、of、moreover、offer、only if、that、which、against、any、 apparent、as if、 available、frequently、message、nevertheless、nor、publication、such as、something、upon等;
常作为错误选项出现的词汇: about、since、at、if only、if、now that、restrict、provided、similar、since、stimulate、unless、what、in case等。
2、同现和复现是词汇的衔接手段。完形填空所给出的文章往往有明确的主线,作者会使用一些关键词围绕主线贯穿全文。这些关键词可能会原封不动地重复出现,也可能会以其他形式出现(例如同义词、近义词、上义词等)。我们可以根据文章的关键词和文章的导向来解答一下题目,例如,如果判断出一个空格是上下文关键词的复现,那么我们只要从选项中选出与关键词意义相同的表达即可。
3、"态度一致"。考研完型填空文章通常"完美",通篇作者态度一致,从一个高度去指导整个行文。有些题目没有具体线索可以找到时,可以从作者态度去判断答案。
4、选项里面有任何修辞意义的词汇,基本上是正确答案。我们用角色互换的感觉去体会出题人的用意,就不难理解,即可确认答案也可做验证。同时,考生们也可积极寻找和思考其他没有出题处的类似情况。
5、如出现陌生的选项词汇,这里注意,两个原则,选择相对简单的词汇,不要选择偏的怪的词汇。
6、选项特点。绝对同义选项两个都错:11%的分数,也就是1.1分;相对同义选项,也就是约等于选项,这就是出题点或是题眼,细微的差别就是考试的考点;二选一,其中一个必须对:18%的分数,也就是1.8分。大家还是要认真的思考。而所谓的"反义选项",理论上应该是二选一,但是实际有反例,请大家注意。当四个选项都有一个共同意义时,该意义往往不能入选,要看选项的特殊含义。
7、有时会遇到这样的情况,大部分词都填出来了,只有一、两个难词绞尽脑汁仍不得要领,如果考试时间允许,不要轻易放弃,要穷追不舍,先从语法角度考虑,再从逻辑角度考虑是否有隐含意思、作者的情感以及背景文化和习俗等。有时句子好像什么也不缺,读上去很完整,就必须考虑,很可能缺的就是连词and,副词then、always、sometimes等,如果还未填出,应反复默念几遍,有些词就会悄然而至,在你的记忆中浮现出来。
8、如果同学在考场上最后做完型时实在没有时间了,可以快速浏览文章,把自己能快速判断答案的题目做出来,然后剩下的其他题目蒙同一个选项(要蒙已经做出的确定对的答案中没有或很少的选项)。A作为正确选项的个数最多,没有连续三个答案都一样的情况。
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