中考英语常考语法知识点

某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of thecity.

The English like to be with their families.

多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：　　冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如：the second five interesting big new red Chinese wallpapers.

2、形容词比较等级的形式　(1)规则形式　　一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)mostimportant

(2)不规则形式good(well)-better-best bad(ill)-worse-worst many(much)-more-most little-less-least

(3)形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：Heis cleverer than the other boys. Thisone is more beautiful than that one.

②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如：Heis the cleverest boy in his class.

③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如：Heis as tall as I. I have as manybooks as you.

④越… 越…

例如：Themore I learn, the happier I am.

⑤ You can neverbe too careful. 越小心越好　　又如：Youcan never praise the teacher too highly.

你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。⑥ I have neverspent a more worrying day.

那一天是最令我担心的一天。Ihave never had a better dinner.

这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。⑦ My English isno better than yours.　　我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。B.副词1、副词的种类　(1)时间副词如：ago, before,already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等

(2)地点副词如：here, there, near,around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。

(3)方式副词如：carefully,angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。

(4)程度副词如：almost, nearly,much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。2、副词比较等级的用法　　其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如：Ofall the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.

Wemust work harder.

3、某些副词在用法上的区别

(1) already, yet,still

already表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句。如：We'vealready watched that film.

Ihaven't finished my homework yet.

Hestill works until late every night.

(2) too, as well,also, either

too,as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和as well多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：Hewent there too.

Hedidn't go there either.

Ilike you as well.

Ialso went there.

(3) hard, hardly

hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如：Iwork hard every day.

Ican hardly remember that.

(4) late, lately

lately意为"最近、近来"，late意为"晚、迟"。如：Henever comes late.

Haveyou been to the museum lately?

II.例题　　例1Tom's father thinks he is already ____

Ahigh enough B tall enough

Cenough high C enough tall

解析：该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。　　例2____ the worse I seem to be.

AWhen I take more medicine

BThe more medicine I take

CTaking more of the medicine

DMore medicine taken

解析：该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。

例3"I haven't been to London yet".

"Ihaven't been there ____".

Atoo Balso Ceither D neither

解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不"，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为"也"。　　例4Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.

Adeep Bdeeply C very deep D quite deeply

解析：该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。

(二)介词

I.要点1、介词和种类　　(1)简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about,across, before, beside, for , to, without等。　　(2)复合介词，如by means of, alongwith, because of, in front of, instead of等。2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系　　(1)和动词的搭配，如agree with, askfor, belong to, break away from, care about等。　　(2)和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angrywith, different from, good at

(3)和名词的搭配，如answer to , keyto, reason for, cause of, visit to等.

3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just,badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：Hecame right after dinner.

Helives directly opposite the school.

4、某些介词的意义与用法举例

(1) at, on, in(表时间)　　表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock,at midnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, atChristmas等。　　指某天用on,如onMonday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning,on the afternoon of September lst等。　　指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。(2) between, among(表位置)between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如I'msitting between Tom and Alice.

Thevillage lies between three hills.

among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：Heis the best among the students.

(3) beside, besides

beside意为"在…旁边"，而besides意为"除…之外"。如：　He sat beside me.What do you wantbesides this?

(4)in the tree, onthe tree

inthe tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上(5)on the way, in theway, by the way, in this way

onthe way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道　by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法(6)in the corner, atthe corner

inthe corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外(7)in the morning, onthe morning

inthe morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨(8)by bus, on the bus

bybus 是一般说法on the bus 特指乘某一辆.

II.例题　　例1Do you know any other foreign language____ English?

A except B but C beside D besides

解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为"除了…"，C-beside意为"在…旁边"，不符合题意。而D-besides,　　意为"除了…之外，还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗?　　例2He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.

Aon B at C in D during

解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。　　例3I'm looking forward ____your letter.

Ato B in C at D on

解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为"期望、盼望"。

(三)连词

I.要点1、连词的种类　　(1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or,both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。　　(2)从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether,when, after, as soon as等。　　除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。

2、常用连词举例(1)and和，并且They drank andsang all night.

(2)both…and 和，既…也…Both my parents and I went there.

(3)but 但是，而　I'msad, but he is happy.

(4)either…or 或…或…，要么…要么…Either you're wrong, or I am.

(5)for因为　Iasked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.

(6) however 然而，可是　Af first, hedidn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.

(7)neither…nor 既不…也不　Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.

(8)not only…but(also) 不但…而且…He not only sings well, but also dances well.

(9)or 或者，否则Hurryup, or you'll be late.Are you a worker or a doctor?

(10)so 因此，所以It'sgetting late, so I must go.

(11)although 虽然　Although it was late, they went on working.

(12)as soon as 一 …就　I'll tell him as soon as I see him.

(13)because 因为　He didn't go to school, because he was ill.

(14)unless 除非，如果不　I won't go unlessit is fine tomorrow.

(15)until 直到…He didn't leaveuntil eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)

Hestayed there until eleven.

(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)

While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)

Mypen is red while his is blue.

(17)for 因为　He was ill, for hedidn't come. (结论是推断出来的)

(18)since自从…I have lived heresince my uncle left.

(19)hardly… when 一… 就　I had hardly gotto the station when the train left.

(20)as far as 就… 来说As far as I know,that country is very small. You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

II.例题　　例1John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

Aas well B as well as C so well D so well as

解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。和…一样好为as well as.故该题正确答案为B。　　例2She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talkingabout my daughter.

Awhen B where C which D while

解析：该处意为"然而"，只有while有此意思，故选D。　　例3Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?

A.and B. then C. or D. otherwise

解析：该处意为"或者"，正确答案为C。

英语语法知识难点(二)

(四)动词时态、语态

I.要点1、一般现在时　(1)表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes,always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.

(2)表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：The earth goes round the sun.

2、现在进行时(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如：What are you doing now?

(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.

3、现在完成时　主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:

Have you ever been to Beijing?

4、一般将来时　表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.

We're going to see a film next Monday.

5、一般过去时　表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如：　It happened many years ago.

6、过去进行时　表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：　What were you doing this time yesterday?

7、过去完成时　表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：The train had already left before we arrived.

8、一般过去将来时　表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：　He said he would come, but he didn't.

9、被动语态　被动语态的时态，以give为例。

II.例题

例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950.

A had died B died C dead D is dead

解析：该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。

例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.

A is looked B has looked for

C is being looked for D has been looked

解析：该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。

(五)动词虚拟语气

I.要点　表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。　1、虚拟语气的构成

注：如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had, should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如：Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to yourparty.

2、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用　(1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是"should(可省) +动词原形"，常用于以下三种句型中。　句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…

句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…

句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…

如： It is strange that he (should) have done that.

It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.

It is requested that we (should) be so careless.

(2)在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order,command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：I suggest that we (should) go swimming.

(3)在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.

(4)在同位语从句中，谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：We received order that the work be done at once.

(5)在It is time that…句型中，其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或 "should +动词原形",should不可省。如：It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school.

II.例题　例1 We had hoped that he ____ longer.

A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay

解析：该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同样用法的动词还有think, expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气　例2 "Mary wants to see you today".

"I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today."

A comes B came C should come D will come

解析：该题正确答案为B。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示。　例3 Had she been older, she ____ it better.

A had done B might have done

C might do D would do

解析：Had she been older = If she had been old. 故该题正确答案为B。

(六)短语动词

I.要点　英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：

(1)动词+介词　常见的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at,hear of (from), add to, lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：Don't laugh at others.

I didn't care about it.

(2)动词+副词　常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：You'll hand in your homework tomorrow.

Please don't forget to hand it in.

(3)动词+副词+介词　常见的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catchup with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：All his money added up to no more than $100.

After a short rest, he went on with his research work.

(4)动词+名词+介词　常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：You should pay attention to your handwriting.

We should make full use of our time.

(5)动词+形容词　常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：

The prisoners were set free.

He cut it open.

(6)动词+名词　常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：This story took place three years ago.

I make friends with a lot of people.

(7)辨析give away(让给，暴露) 和 give up(放弃，停止)put away(放起，收起)和 put out (扑灭)turn up(出席，放大)和 turn on (打开)keep out(阻止)和 keep off (不让靠近)make up(编造，补上)和 make out(辨认)take off(脱，起飞)和 take out(拿出)

(七)动词不定式

I.要点　1、不定式的形式。以动词write为例。

2、不定式的句法功能　(1)作主语To hear from you is nice.

To be a good teacher is not easy.

不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：It's nice to hear from you.

It's not easy to be a good teacher.

(2)作宾语　通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember,agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等词后。如：I forgot to lock the door.

Please remember to write to me.

(3)作表语

My job is to pick up letters.

He seemed to have heard nothing.

(4)作定语　不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如：　I have two letters to write.I have a lot of work to do.

(5)作宾补　通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause,force等词后。如：He ordered her to leave at once.He wasforced to obey his order.

(6)作状语He got up early to catch the first bus.

He worked hard to catch up with the other students.

(7)作独立成分To tell you the truth, I told a lie.

(8) "疑问词+不定式"结构。如：I don't know how to choose them.

I cannot decide where to go.

(9)不定式的否定式。如：I decided not to go.

(10)不定式的完成式。如：He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.

The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week.

(11)too…to 结构。如：He was too excited to go to sleep.

He was only too glad to go. (他太高兴了，乐意去)

(12)主动表被动。如：The book is easy to read.

I have a book to read.

II.例题　例1 I haven't got a chair ____.

A to sit B for to sit on C to sit on D for sitting

解析：该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语，修饰名词chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是"动宾关系"，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处on不能省略。　例2 He was made ____.

A go B gone C going D to go

解析：该题选D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式do前的to不能省略。

例3 A new factory is ____ very soon.

A to be built B built

C to build D to building

解析：该题选A。is to be built意为"将要被建"。

(八)动名词

I.要点　动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。　1、动名词的形式，以write为例。

否定式 not +动名词　2、动名词的用法　(1)作主语Playing football is my favorite sport.

Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.

作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it作形式主语。如：　It is funtravelling with friends at weekend.

(2)作宾语I enjoy playing PC game.He gave up writing five yearsago.

(3)作表语What he hated most was doing nothing.Seeing is believing.

动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。(4)作定语There's a dining room in my school. All the people watching laughed.

(5)动名词的复合结构"物主代词(或名词的所有格)+动名词"。如：Tom's going home late made her mother angry. Would you mind my opening the window?

不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。①无生命名词The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.

Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.

②有生命名词，但表泛指。Have you ever heard of girls smoking?

③两个以上的有生命的名词并列。Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you thatday?

3.后面常接动名词的动词和短语mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practise, magine,

keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit,

be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing,

can't help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing,

look forward to doing, stick to doing, pay attention to doing,

devote to doing, lead to doing

II.例题　例1 She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you.

A going B to go C for going D went

解析：该题正确答案为A。 feel like = want, 此处like 为介词，后面要接名词或动名词作宾语　例2 The garden needs ____.

A water B watering C to water D watered

解析：该题正确答案为B。 need = want = require. 如果物作主语，此三者后要接动名词或to be done这一结构作宾语。　例3 Excuse me ____ you.

A interrupting B to interrupt

C interrupted D to have interrupted

解析：该题正确答案为A。excuse 后接动名词作宾语，此句中的me为动名词的逻辑主语(常用于口语中)。

(九)分词

I.要点　分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容和副词的句法功能。它分为现在分词和过去分词两类。现在分词和过去分词的主要差别在于现在分词有一般式和完成式，过去分词则只有一般式。现在分词表动作正在进行，表主动。过去分词及物动词表动作已经完成，表被动。过去分词不及物动词表动作已经完成，表主动。过去分词的句法功能：　1、作定语I like to read the novel written by Lu Xun.

The woman sitting beside the broken window was a friend ofmine.

2、作表语When I came into the room, I found the window was broken.

I'm interested in this book.

3、作宾语补足语I'm going to have my bike repaired.

When I walked home, I saw the thief caught by the police.

4、作状语Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks small.

The teacher came into the classroom, followed by his students.

现在分词的句法功能。

1、作状语Seeing from the top of the mountain, I found the city wasbeautiful.

Walking along the street, they suddenly saw him.

2、作宾语I hate being spoken ill of.

He considered visiting Japan during the winter vocation.

3、作表语Seeing is believing.

The book is interesting.

4、作宾语补足语I noticed him crossing the street.

Mother caught him smoking in the kitchen.

5、作定语Do you know the man writing a letter?

The worker running a machine is my brother.

分词使用中的几个问题1、现在分词的完成式Having cleaned the room, I went out.

2、现在分词的否定式

Not having received any letter, he felt a little worried.

3、现在分词与过去分词的不同　现在分词表示主动、正在，过去分词表示被动、完成I found the man killed there. I found the man standing there.

4、have结构We have the car repaired. We have repaired the car. Wehave Tom repair the car.

We have Tom repairing the car the whole morning.

5、分词作表语We were excited at the news. The football game is exciting.

6、独立主格结构It being a fine day, we went out to visit the park.

高考英语解题技巧

听力

材料生活化，主要考“what”

听力材料具备口语化、生活化、交际性的特点，因此在备考时要选择这方面的听力材料，少听议论类、科普类文章。听力问题一般为特殊疑问句，主要为what类，另外where、who、why也各占一定比例，主要考查范围是文章主旨大意、具体事实信息和说话人的观点、意图。

标准试题的选项应具有干扰性或者启发性，绝对不会出现学生不听磁带，凭常识就可选择正确答案的题目。

单项选择

抓住考点，少做无用功

动词及动词短语运用、四种基本时态、情态动词、定语从句、情景交际是重点，形容词、副词的比较级和最高级以及词性间的转化、连接副词、关联词、介词也考，但量不大。冠词、代词、句型和惯用法是考查的新趋势，名词逐渐让位于代词纳入冠词中进行参照考查。

主谓一致、非谓语动词、倒装、强调和疑问尾句等重难点，实际考查的只是最基本的东西，且分值不大，因此不必花太多力气，做无用功。

单项选择主要还是考查考生的词汇识别、辨析能力、文化差异的感受能力和语言运用能力，语法上注重动词问题和一定的覆盖面。

虽然高考淡化了语法，但教师应为学生建立一个完整的语法体系，因为短文改错、阅读和书面表达都要语法作为支撑。所设置题目应注重能力定位、交际定位和语篇定位(大语境和小语境)，注意题干的有效性，干扰性和启发性。

完形填空

重记叙性文体，可能加考名词

完形填空一般会选择记叙性文体，让考生感觉平和，有人物、情节发展等线索可循。如果是议论、科普或者说明文，难度会很大，所以备考时少用记叙性以外的文体训练。

特别要注意的是，高考所选的文章是以英语为母语的人写的，虽然会根据考生词汇量和设题需适当改写，但会保持语言地道、准确和独立成篇的完整性和文气贯通，所以千万不要用中国人写的英语文章作完形填空训练。

命题原则上，首句不会挖空，同一题的选项性质一致，试题考点分布均衡，上下文中直接找到答案的情况不会出现，选项具有有效性和干扰性。

考查内容上，词汇的意义、辨析、用法和对上下文阅读、整体理解和文化感受是难点。单选若没有考名词，完形填空很有可能补充。

阅读理解题材体裁丰富多样，以深层次理解为主

阅读理解主要考查文章主旨大意和细节，注意事实和事实背后的道理及作者的态度和意图。同时一些题目要根据背景知识来理解判断。问题设置以深层次理解为主，推理判断和主旨大意题一般不少于10道。

文章题材丰富多彩：应用、科普、社会、文化、历史、人物篇各1~2篇，校园、心理、生活各1篇，采用这种组合进行训练可以保证题材面的覆盖。体裁上议论文、说明文(包括广告等)、记叙文均有涉猎，文章排列有序，中间起伏，文体交替。

六大设题模式如下：a.理解主旨要义或者文章的话题;b.理解文中具体信息;c.根据上下文推测生词的词义;d.根据文中的信息，作出判断推理;e.理解文章的基本结构;f.理解作者的意图和基本态度。

短文改错多写周记，学生互改多练

短文改错的设疑方式有小词(如a、an、the)漏掉、多词、换词和正确这四种。

时态上主要考查现在时和过去时，考完成时、进行时很少。此外，应注意非谓语形式，形容词与副词的极少的比较级形式。

短文改错一直得分不高，因为文章是中国人自己写的，如同己出。学生由于太熟悉，像看自己的文章，很难发现问题，方法是让学生多写周记，自己互相改作文进行训练。

书面表达议论性方向发展，地方特色即将凸显

书面表达并非实质性作文，它无需修辞、发散、升华、动情，仅具有作文的三个最原始的要求：切题，达意，逻辑。

目前书面表达试题主要是采用短文写作形式，从要求上来讲是应用文体(信、日记之类)，从实质上讲却是叙事性质、陈说性质、议论性质和混合性质(陈说+议论性质或叙事+议论性质)等写作形式。

应用文体较适于控制性与导引性作文，便于老师评卷时做到一定程度上的准确与公正。今后在提示方面应逐步过渡到采用英语提示而不再是汉语提示或说明。高考英语议论文的写作是中学英语教学与测试发展的必然趋势。

书面表达的基本技能：整理思路;组织素材;规划文章结构;列出提纲;起草文章;组织语言;遣词造句;修改文章;正确使用标点符号和字母大小写。

书面表达题应该怎样设计?提供给考生的模拟情景需要真实可信;模拟情景应符合考生的年龄特点，应尽量是考生曾经历过或将会经历的事情;不应该考查考生“写作”以外的能力;要求写作内容的难度应与试卷其他部分的难度基本持平;命题者将试题命制完毕后，应自己写出一份可能性的答案，以检查考生是否可以用已掌握的知识(词汇、语法、一般表达法等)写出所要求词量的短文。

考虑到全国题的影响力，陈说性质和混合性质的文章写作仍将是未来一段时间各地使用的主流模式。议论性质的文章写作模式也必然是未来高考的书面表达试题的主流模式。

提醒

有些笔在答题卡上渗透得很厉害，直接影响学生答题的情绪和阅卷老师的评卷，考生一定要用黑色笔书写。保证在屏幕上阅卷老师看得清楚。

从对高考英语书面表达考生错误盘点中可以发现，除了语法、句法、词法、中式英语的传统性错误之外，书写是一大问题，表现为快笔之误，书写不当，缺笔，多划，添减字母，胡乱大小写、不该大写时大写，该大写时不大写等，在这方面失分十分可惜，因此广大考生一定要在基本功方面加强。

英语必修一知识点总结

right away =at once =immediately 立即

burst into laughter/ tears 突然笑了/哭了

burst out doing sth突然就做某件事

as if / though好像 in ruins损毁

injure =wound hurt伤害

be trapped in被陷入……之中

dig out挖出

bury oneself in doingsth专注于做某件事

rise升起 raise抬起 arise产生

too… to太……而不能 be away离开

it seems as if + 陈述语气/ 虚拟语气 好像

act out把……表演出来

be pleased / willing/ glad to do sth有意愿做某事

honor =in honor of为了向…表示敬意

be proud of以……为自豪

express my thanks表达我的想法

英语必修一知识点总结

of high/ good quality 质优 devote to + doing投身于做某事

set up建立，安排 in principle主要 in peace和平

out of work失业 in work处于有工作的状态

out of control失控 in control处于被控制的状态

vote for投票选举 vote against投票反对

be equal to 与……等同 in trouble 有麻烦

turn to求助，转向 turn on / off 开关灯 turn up / down 出现/拒绝 lose heart灰心

lose one's heart to爱上某人;倾心

escape from / + doing sth逃避去干某事

come to power / in power掌权，当政

be sentenced to被宣判为

in one’s opinion某人认为，以某人的观点来看

fight for / against为……而战/为反对……而战 blow up 爆炸 爆发

dream of/ about梦想着……

imagine doing sth 想象着做某事

the first time首次(后面加时间状语从句)

for the first time第一次(做状语)

语法点 1. whether VS if 的用法

2. tell sb to do sth/ ask sb not to do sth 告诉某人干某事/告诉某人别干某事

3. be + doing 表将来

4. 定语从句: 只用that 的情况 …… 只用who 的情况 ……只用which的情况…… as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介词+ which/ whom which 引导一个句子的用法…… 非限制性定语从句 which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句 插入语 I think I believe I guess I thought 间隔式定语从句

例句 ：Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法

5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done

6. has/ have been done 已经做某事

7. be always doing( 加always) 表示一种厌烦等语气 老是……

8. 强调句 it is + 被强调部分 + that 从句 It is not until + 时间 + that 从句 特殊疑问词 + is it that 从句

9. 倒装句 部分否定，含有否定词的 hardly never little only seldom 等， 把情态动词，be 动词， 助动词提到主语 的前面

10. as if , insist suggest request command ,从句用虚拟语气， 用(should) do 。